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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common virus that infects the respiratory tract. It often causes mild, cold-like symptoms but can lead to serious respiratory illness, especially in infants and older adults.
RSV infections typically rise in September in the U.S., peaking from December to February and ending by May. However, due to COVID-19, RSV seasonality has become less predictable, with possible peaks in summer, varying by region.
Symptoms and Transmission
RSV symptoms can include:
- Runny nose
- Decreased appetite
- Coughing
- Sneezing
- Fever
- Wheezing
The virus is transmitted through droplets that spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also survive on surfaces like countertops and toys, making it easy to catch through touch.
Who is at Risk?
Most children will have had an RSV infection by age two, but the virus can infect people of all ages. Those at higher risk of severe illness include:
- Infants, especially those born prematurely or under six months old
- Children with congenital heart disease or chronic lung conditions
- People with weakened immune systems
- Older adults, particularly those with chronic heart or lung diseases.
Why is RSV Important?
RSV is a leading cause of bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways in the lung) and pneumonia in young children. Severe cases may require hospitalization, especially for those at high risk.
Prevention and Treatment
Preventive measures can reduce the risk of severe RSV infection. These include:
- Practicing thorough handwashing
- Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
- Keeping frequently touched surfaces clean
For high-risk infants, there are antibody treatments like nirsevimab and palivizumab. For older adults, vaccines such as Abrysvo and Arexvy are available to help prevent RSV infection.
Why Participate in Vaccine Studies?
Every year, RSV causes up to 80,000 hospitalizations in children younger than 5 years old and up to 160,000 in adults aged 64 and older.
Participating in vaccine studies helps advance our understanding of how to prevent RSV and protect vulnerable populations. By contributing to this research, you play a crucial role in shaping the future of public health and reducing the burden of RSV.
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